A cathode support structure for use in a magnetron oscillator experiment

A low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) material system has been used to develop a protype field emission cathode structure for use in an experimental magnetron oscillator. The structure is designed for used with 30 gated field emission array (GFEA) die electrically connected through silver metal traces and electrical vias. To approximate a cylinder, the cathode structure (48 mm long and 13.7 mm in diameter) is comprised of 10 faceted plates which cover the GFEA dies. Slits in the facet plates allow electron injection. The GFEA die (3 mm × 8 mm) are placed in axial columns of 3 and spaced azimuthally around a cylindrical support structure in a staggered configuration resulting in 10 azimuthal locations. LTCC manufacturing techniques were developed in order to fabricate the newly designed cathode with seven layers wrapped to form the cylinder with electrical traces and vias. Two different cathode wrapping techniques and two different via filling techniques were studied and compared. Two different facet plate manufacturing techniques were studied. Finally, four different support stand configurations for firing the cylindrical structure were also compared with a square post stand having the best circularity and linearity measurements of the fired structure.     

B对FeCoCrNiSiBx高熵合金激光熔覆层组织和硬度的影响

采用激光熔覆制备了FeCoCrNiSiB_x高熵合金熔覆层,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度计研究微量硼元素(摩尔比x=0、0.02、0.04、0.06、0.08)对FeCoCrNiSiB_x高熵合金熔覆层组织和硬度的影响。结果表明:无B高熵合金涂层组织主要为胞状晶。B的添加会促进枝晶的生成,逐渐形成鱼骨状树枝晶,但过量的B会破坏枝晶完整性,形成蠕虫状晶。此外,高熵合金熔覆层组织为FCC和BCC双相结构,B元素的添加会形成大量0.1~2.6 μm的Cr₂B第二相,有助于提高熔覆层硬度,其中x=0.06时激光熔覆层的硬度最高,约为537 HV0.2。     

CVD涂层α-Al2O3织构制备技术研究

采用化学气相沉积法在硬质合金基体上沉积具有不同织构择优的α-Al2O3涂层,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)分别对其微观组织和机械性能进行分析。研究结果表明,通过改善过渡层的氧化气氛,氧化铝的过渡层结构为针状物,成功制备不同织构的氧化铝涂层,涂层结合力良好。     

Effect of CaO mineral change on coal ash melting characteristics

The change of mineral composition in ash and the effect of CaO on the melting characteristics of coal ash were studied by adding different contents of CaO to coal ash. At the same time, the Factsage thermodynamics software was used to simulate the mineral changes in the synthetic ash to support and verify the experimental results. The results show that with the increase of CaO content, the melting characteristic temperature of coal ash first decreases and then rises. After adding a certain amount of CaO, the quartz with higher melting point completely disappears, and the melting point of the coal ash reaches a minimum value. And with the increase of CaO content, the appearance of wollastonite and single crystal calcium oxide mineral makes the melting point of coal ash gradually increase. It can be seen from the phase diagram calculated by Factsage that as the CaO content increases, the corresponding position of the coal ash gradually moves from the hematite region to the calcareous region. And the phenomenon of low temperature eutectic occurs when the CaO content is 35%, which is consistent with the trend of temperature change of the melting characteristics. These phenomena all indicate that the change in the melting point of coal ash is nonlinear as the content of CaO minerals increases.     

高温气冷堆舱室抗商用飞机撞击的耦合数值分析

本文建立了大型商用飞机撞击典型高温气冷堆核电站反应堆舱室的非线性有限元模型，计算中混凝土舱室直接采用工程用钢筋混凝土的损伤塑性本构模型，飞机结构采用Johnson-Cook本构模型。对飞机高速撞击高温气冷堆核电站反应堆舱室非线性撞击过程进行模拟计算，得出正面和侧面撞击条件下的撞击载荷曲线、撞击位移云图、反应堆舱室混凝土破坏情况等结果。评估表明，反应堆舱室结构在撞击条件下的整体损伤微小，可为保护内部关键设备提供重要的屏障功能。     

温拌LDPE改性沥青混合料性能研究

选择Sasobit和Evotherm 3G两种温拌剂对温拌LDPE沥青混合料制备工艺和性能进行研究。首先,比较变温等体积法和等黏温度法两种方法,并确定两种温拌混合料的拌和及击实温度。在此基础上,分别采用车辙试验、低温弯曲试验、中点加载弯曲试验以及冻融劈裂试验评价70#、LDPE、Sasobit-LDPE以及3G-LDPE四种沥青混合料的高温性能、低温性能、疲劳性能和水稳定性。结果表明,两种温拌技术均是可行的,Sasobit和3G温拌技术可使施工温度降低20℃和15℃。与热拌LDPE沥青混合料相比,Sasobit温拌沥青混合料具有更好的高温性能和水稳定性,在高应力比条件下抗疲劳性能更好,低温性能虽变差,但是优于70#沥青混合料;3G温拌沥青混合料的高温性能,低温性能以及水稳定性则与热拌LDPE沥青混合料各项性能较为接近,抗疲劳性能变差,但是优于70#沥青混合料。     

一种分散在多孔碳上的碳包覆硅负极的制备及应用

硅负极具有高比容量的显著优势,其理论比容量（4 200 mA∙h/g）达到传统石墨负极的10倍以上,被认为是锂离子电池最有潜力的负极之一。然而,硅负极存在导电性较差、充放电过程中体积膨胀巨大等诸多问题,导致其循环性能较差,限制了大规模实际应用。本文提供了一种高性能硅负极的制备方法及应用,通过将硅负极分散在多级孔碳中,连同黏结剂聚丙烯腈涂覆在集流体上,再对极片进行热处理实现聚丙烯腈碳包覆,有效提高电极的整体导电性并能为巨大的体积变化提供空间,从而提升硅负极的大倍率性能和循环稳定性。     

A first-principles investigation on mechanical and metallic properties of titanium carbides under pressure

The titanium carbides are potential candidates to achieve both high hardness and refractory property. We carried out a structural search for titanium carbides at three pressures of 0 GPa, 30 GPa and 50 GPa. A phase diagram of the Ti-C system at 0 K was obtained by elucidating formation enthalpies as a function of compositions, and their mechanical and metallic properties of titanium carbides were investigated systematically. We also discussed the relation of titanium concentration to the both mechanical and metallic properties of titanium carbides. It has been found that the average valence electron density and tractility improved at higher concentrations of titanium, while the degree of covalent bonding directionality decreased. To this effect, the hardness of titanium carbide decreases as the content of titanium increases. Our results indicated that the titanium content significantly affected the metallic properties of the Ti-C system.     

On the thermal conductivity of bimodal SiC/A356 composites fabricated via powder metallurgy route

The present study investigates the thermal conductivity of bimodal SiC particulate distribution in aluminum matrix composites fabricated via powder metallurgy route. The effects of the SiC_p reinforcement size distribution and processing parameters such as sintering time and temperature on the thermal conductivity have been examined. The Box–Behnken experimental array was employed to identify the effects of selected variables on the thermal conductivity of the composite. A reasonable augmentation in the thermal conductivity was observed with an increase in sintering time and %volume fraction of fine SiC particulates. It has been demonstrated that the matrix doped with fine SiC particulates (37?µm) occupied interstitial positions and formed continuous SiC–matrix network resulting in minimizing the micropores that contributed for good thermal conductivity, that is, 235?W/mK. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) were conducted to evaluate the microstructure architecture and interfacial phase formation.     

Vacuum impregnation of chitosan‐based edible coating in minimally processed pumpkin

The goal of this research was to evaluate the use of vacuum impregnation (VI) and soaking techniques (ST) in the application of edible coatings of chitosan and chitosan + lauric acid to minimally processed pumpkins (MPP). The vacuum impregnation method led to greater component incorporation (5.9% and 1.75%, respectively) in the pumpkins when compared to soaking and consequently the formation of more uniform, thicker coatings (25.6 and 22.3 μm, respectively). However, VI caused greater changes in pH, acidity, colour and firmness. Relating to water content and carotenoid content, noncoated pumpkins presented greater losses during the storage period, regardless of impregnation method. The pumpkins with edible coatings, regardless of method, presented lower numbers of psychrotrophic micro‐organisms and coliforms during the storage period. Therefore, soaking was considered the best method for the application of chitosan‐based edible coatings to minimally processed pumpkins, as it led to smaller changes in the properties of the product.